Analysis of crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investors via a q-rung orthopair fuzzy hybrid decision-making approach

Abstract Effective crowdfunding platforms positively contribute toward improving microgrid energy management systems. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis is required to understand the key factors responsible for success in systems by considering various criteria. This study evaluates project investments. In this context, novel fuzzy decision-making model that includes two different stages proposed. First, selected criteria investments are evaluated. Second, alternatives, regarding investments, ranked. process, multi-stepwise weight assessment ratio (M-SWARA) approach based on q-rung orthopair sets (q-ROFSs) considered. Intuitionistic and Pythagorean also used calculation process make comparative evaluation. Similarly, sensitivity of ranking alternatives conducted with 12 q values. All results rather similar; thus, findings reliable. Another created purpose help trial evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique order preference similarity ideal solution methodologies check performance proposed model. It defined q-ROF DEMATEL weights, vary cases. The M-SWARA more reliable than via method. situation provides information superiority study. concluded security most important factor smart-grid investors. Additionally, solar panels storage systems/batteries significant Necessary measures should be taken forestall risk fraud may occur platform. website established must secure against possible hacking attacks. conclusion preliminarily developed increase effectiveness